Amathreyi Ekhebula Lezitebhisi Elisetshenziswe Ngaphambi Kokugaywa: Ukuhlaziywa Okuqhathanisayo Kwemiklamo Ejwayelekile vs. Eqinisiwe
Uma ucacisa amathreyi ezitebhisi agqitshwe nge-galvanized, onjiniyela bavame ukubhekana nesinqumo esibalulekile: ukukhetha phakathi kwephrofayili Ejwayelekile (Ecacile) kanye nephrofayili Eqinisiwe (Eqinisiwe). Nakuba zombili zinikeza ukumelana kokugqwala okungokwemvelo kwensimbi efakwe i-galvanized (inqubo yokufaka i-galvanized esetshenziswa ngaphambi kokwenziwa), amakhono azo okwakheka kanye nezicelo ezifanelekile zihluka kakhulu.
1. Isisekelo Sezinto: Insimbi Engagqunywanga Ngaphambi Kokusetshenziswa
Ngaphambi kokubheka umehluko wesakhiwo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela isici esivamile: insimbi efakwe i-galvanized. Le nto ihlinzeka nge-zinc coating efanayo enikeza isivikelo esiqinile ekugqwaleni, okwenza ifanelekele izindawo zangaphakathi, ezomile, noma ezinomswakama olinganiselayo. Kuyisinqumo esithandwayo ngenxa yokulinganisela kwayo kokuqina nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ze-hot-dip galvanized after fabrication (HDGAF).
2. Umklamo Ojwayelekile (Ongacacile)
Ithreyi yesitebhisi ejwayelekile noma "esilula" ibonakala ngokwakhiwa kwayo okulula. Yakhiwe ngama-rails amabili aseceleni anezitebhisi ezihlanganisiwe ezihlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile (ngokuvamile amasentimitha angu-9 kuya kwangu-12 ukusuka komunye nomunye) ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izinto eziqinisayo noma ukugoba phansi kwe-side rail. Iphrofayili ye-side rail ngokuvamile iyi-C-channel elula noma ibha eyisicaba engenawo ama-geometry ayinkimbinkimbi.
Zilula kunezinye eziqinisiwe, okwehlisa izindleko zokuthumela futhi kwenza ukuphathwa ngesandla kube lula endaweni. Ngenxa yokuthi izindonga eziseceleni azinazo izindawo ezigobile eziyinkimbinkimbi, kulula ukuzisika, ukuzishintsha, nokuzifaka ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Imiklamo ejwayelekile ifaneleka kakhulu emithwalweni yekhebula elula kuya kwephakathi, njengezintambo zokulawula noma izintambo zikagesi ezincane, kanye namaphrojekthi lapho izakhiwo zokusekela zingabekwa khona ngezikhathi ezimfushane. Lapho imikhawulo yesabelomali ingumshayeli oyinhloko futhi izidingo zomthwalo zincane, lolu hlobo lwethreyi luvame ukuba yisinqumo esingabizi kakhulu.
3. Umklamo Oqinisiwe (Oqinisiwe)
Ithreyi yeladi eqinisiwe yenzelwe ukunqoba imikhawulo yesikhathi kanye nomthwalo wephrofayili ejwayelekile. Ngenkathi igcina ungqimba olufakwe i-galvanized, ama-side rails akhiqizwa ngezimbambo ezinde, ama-flange, noma iziteshi zokuqinisa—ngokuvamile zakhiwa zibe isiteshi sesigqoko noma ziqiniswe ngesiteshi se-C esengeziwe sesakhiwo eceleni komphetho ophezulu. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwandisa kakhulu i-section modulus.
Ngenxa yalokho, amathreyi aqinisiwe angasekela imithwalo yekhebula esindayo ngamafidi angu-12 kuya kwangu-20 ngaphandle kokuphambuka ngokweqile. Isikhathi sawo esiphezulu sokungaphenduki siwavumela ukuthi athwale isisindo sezintambo zikagesi ezisindayo, izendlalelo eziningi zezintambo, noma imithwalo enamandla njenge-seismic force. Ukuphambuka kuyancishiswa, okusiza ukugcina izikhala zokuphepha futhi kuvimbele ukugoba kwesikhathi eside okungacindezela izintambo. Amathreyi aqinisiwe ayisinqumo esikhethwayo sokufakwa kwezintambo zikagesi ezisindayo, izindawo ezidinga ukusekelwa kokuzamazama komhlaba, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuphambuka okude phakathi kwezisekelo kufiseleka khona—njengasezitshalweni zezimboni, amapulazi elanga asezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nezikhuphuli zezakhiwo eziphakeme.
4. Ukuhlaziywa Kokuqhathanisa
Amathreyi ajwayelekile asebenzisa imisele elula ye-C noma i-flat bar side rails ngaphandle kokugoba okwengeziwe, okunciphisa ubude bawo bube ngamafidi angu-8-10 ngaphansi kwemithwalo evamile. Amathileyi aqinisiwe, ngokuphambene nalokho, faka izimbambo, iziteshi zesigqoko, noma izinti ezihlanganisiwe ezivumela ubude obungamamitha angu-12-20 noma ngaphezulu.
Imiklamo ejwayelekile ifanelekela ukugcwalisa ikhebula okulula kuya kokuphakathi; eduze komthwalo wazo omkhulu, zibonisa ukuphambuka okuphezulu. Amathileyi aqinisiwe gcina ukuphambuka okuncane ngisho nangaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo, okuqinisekisa ubuqotho besakhiwo sesikhathi eside.
Amathileyi ajwayelekile anezindleko eziphansi zezinto zokwakha ngonyawo, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi adinga ukwesekwa okuvamile, izindleko zomsebenzi nezinto zokwakha zama-hangers, ama-strut, noma ama-trapeze zingaba khona. Kumaphrojekthi amakhulu, lokhu kuncipha kwezinto zokusekela kanye nomsebenzi wokufaka kuvame ukwenza inketho eqinisiwe engabizi kakhulu ngesisekelo sezindleko ezifakiwe.
Amathreyi ajwayelekile kulula ukuwasika nokuwashintsha ngamathuluzi avamile, njengoba kungekho zici eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuqinisa ongazisebenzisa. Amathileyi aqinisiwe kudinga ukuhlela okwengeziwe ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa ukuze kugwenywe ukulimaza iziqinisi, kodwa amandla azo amakhulu angokwemvelo avame ukunciphisa isidingo sokuguqulwa kwensimu.
5. Isiphetho
Zombili izitsha zekhebula ezisezingeni elijwayelekile kanye neziqinisiwe zisebenza indima ebalulekile engqalasizinda kagesi.
Khetha amathreyi ajwayelekile (alula) kumaphrojekthi anezikhawu ezimfushane, ukugcwaliswa kwekhebula elilula, isabelomali esincane, futhi lapho kulindeleke khona izinguquko ezivamile endaweni. Zilungele izakhiwo ezincane zezentengiselwano, amakamelo okulawula, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhuma izintambo ezijwayelekile.
Khetha amathreyi aqinisiwe (aqinisiwe) ngengqalasizinda edinga ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla amakhulu, ubude obude obungaphazanyiswa, noma inani elincishisiwe lezisekeli. Ziyindlela ekhethwayo yezitshalo zezimboni ezisindayo, izindawo zamandla avuselelekayo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nezakhiwo eziphakeme.